-The problem of evil contests the existence of a god who is both omnipotent and omnibenevolent by arguing that such a god should not permit the existence of evil or suffering. The theist responses are called theodicies.
-The argument from poor design contests the idea that God created life on the basis that life-forms, including humans, seem to exhibit poor design.
-The argument from nonbelief contests the existence of an omnipotent God who wants humans to believe in him by arguing that such a god would do a better job of gathering believers.
-The argument from parsimony (using Occam's Razor) contends that since natural (non-supernatural) theories adequately explain the development of religion and belief in gods, the actual existence of such supernatural agents is superfluous and may be dismissed unless otherwise proven to be required to explain the phenomenon.
Atheism
-Strong atheism (or positive atheism) is the position that no gods exist. The strong atheist explicitly asserts the non-existence of gods.
-Some strong atheists further assert that the existence of some or all gods is logically impossible, for example claiming that the combination of attributes which God may be asserted to have (for example: omnipotence, omniscience, omnipresence).
-Some strong atheists further assert that the existence of some or all gods is logically impossible, for example claiming that the combination of attributes which God may be asserted to have (for example: omnipotence, omniscience, omnipresence).
-Weak atheism. The term weak atheism (or negative atheism) is used in two main senses, describing those who (a) do not assert strong atheism ("no gods exist") but rather the more minimal statement that for a variety of reasons there are no good reasons and no credible grounds for believing that gods exist. (b) neither believe that gods exist, nor believe that no gods exist. This is orthogonal to agnosticism which states that whether gods exist is either unknown or unknowable.
Agnosticism (untuk artikel tentang Agnostik dalam bahasa Indonesia, klik di sini)
-Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims — especially claims about the existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims — is unknown or unknowable.
Agnosticism (untuk artikel tentang Agnostik dalam bahasa Indonesia, klik di sini)
-Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims — especially claims about the existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims — is unknown or unknowable.
-Agnosticism as a broad umbrella term does not define one's belief or disbelief in gods, agnostics may still identify themselves as theists or atheists.
#Strong agnosticism is the belief that it is impossible for humans to know whether or not any deities exist.
#Weak agnosticism is the belief that the existence or nonexistence of deities is unknown but not necessarily unknowable.
#Agnostic theism is the view of those who do not claim to know the existence of any deity but believes that at least one deity exists.
#Agnostic atheism is the view of those who do not claim to know the existence of any deity but do not believe in any.
#Strong agnosticism is the belief that it is impossible for humans to know whether or not any deities exist.
#Weak agnosticism is the belief that the existence or nonexistence of deities is unknown but not necessarily unknowable.
#Agnostic theism is the view of those who do not claim to know the existence of any deity but believes that at least one deity exists.
#Agnostic atheism is the view of those who do not claim to know the existence of any deity but do not believe in any.